Security Key to Resolving Thailand-Cambodia Border Conflict

Why Mine Clearance Is Critical Along the Frontier

Thailand and Cambodia must prioritize security as the foundation for resolving their long-standing border dispute, according to former Thai diplomat Sihasak Phuangketkeow. Speaking on September 3, he emphasized that maintaining the ceasefire, reducing military tensions, clearing landmines, strengthening border law enforcement, and joint action against criminal networks are essential first steps. The call comes amid recurring flare-ups along the contested frontier, particularly near the Preah Vihear temple area, where both nations have deployed troops despite international rulings.

The border conflict between Thailand and Cambodia has persisted for decades, rooted in conflicting interpretations of colonial-era maps and territorial claims around the ancient temple of Preah Vihear. Although the International Court of Justice awarded the temple to Cambodia in 1962 and affirmed its sovereignty in 2013, sporadic clashes have occurred, often fueled by nationalist sentiments and illegal logging or smuggling activities. Phuangketkeow stressed that without a secure environment, diplomatic talks cannot progress, as mistrust and the threat of violence undermine negotiations.

How Can Both Countries Cooperate Against Criminal Networks?

Landmines left over from past conflicts continue to pose a serious threat to civilians and hinder development in border communities. Both countries have acknowledged the danger, but progress in demining has been slow due to limited resources and difficult terrain. Phuangketkeow argued that clearing explosives is not only a humanitarian necessity but also a confidence-building measure that allows for safer patrols and joint inspections. He noted that international support could accelerate these efforts, especially in areas near villages where farmers risk injury while working their land.

Criminal groups exploit the instability along the border to smuggle timber, wildlife, drugs, and people, undermining state authority and fueling corruption. Phuangketkeow urged Thailand and Cambodia to establish joint task forces, share intelligence, and conduct coordinated patrols to disrupt these operations. He pointed out that previous cooperation on anti-trafficking initiatives has shown promise, suggesting that expanding such models could build trust while addressing shared security challenges. Success, he said, depends on political will and consistent communication between military and police units on both sides.

What triggered the recent call for security-focused talks? The appeal came from former Thai diplomat Sihasak Phuangketkeow on September 3, who argued that security measures must precede political negotiations to prevent further violence and create conditions for dialogue.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is clearing landmines considered a priority step? Landmines endanger civilians, restrict access to farmland, and impede border patrols; removing them reduces risks and supports confidence-building between the two countries.

How can Thailand and Cambodia work together on border crime? By forming joint task forces, sharing real-time intelligence, and conducting coordinated operations against smuggling and trafficking networks that thrive in unstable border zones.